Types of urinary incontinence and how they are diagnosed
Incontinence should not be dismissed as a normal result of ageing or childbirth; identifying the type is the first step to treatment.
Urinary incontinence is one of the most common problems affecting quality of life, particularly in women. In a published interview, Dr. Banafsheh Imani emphasised that it should not simply be accepted as a normal consequence of ageing or childbirth — the underlying cause needs to be properly investigated.
Types of incontinence
- Stress incontinence: leakage on coughing, sneezing, laughing or exertion - Urge incontinence: a sudden, intense need to pass urine - Mixed incontinence: a combination of the two above - Overflow incontinence: incomplete emptying with dribbling - Total incontinence: complete loss of urinary control
How is it diagnosed?
Assessment usually begins with history and examination and may include urine tests, ultrasound, cystoscopy and urodynamic study.
Treatment
Treatment is chosen according to the type and severity: pelvic floor muscle training, biofeedback and medication, through to surgical options in suitable cases.
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